Symptomatic Rx
Protocols
Insomnia :
Clinical features :
Insomnia
investigation:
1)serum [post id="142" title="Creatinine"]
2)urea
💢Rx:
প্রথমে এই গুলো try করতে হবে
A. General
👉Ensuring quite environment for bed room
👉Correction of stressful condition
👉Avoidance of excess tea, coffee, alcohol
B. Treatment of underlying medical condition if any
C. If no cause is apparent then following management
👉CBT
👉Using bedroom only for sleep and sex Trying for sleep only when sleepy
👉If sleep does not came, then going to another room — working any
👉monotonous job — retrying. Maintaining strict time of awakening irrespective of sleep time.
👉Avoidance of daytime sleeping. Removing any misconception like sleep is mandatory for health.
🎴Drug Therapy :
👉যদি irritations সমস্যা থাকে
💊Tab.[post id="311" title="Zolpidem"](Nitrest)(10mg)
0+0+1/2...... (ঘুমানোর ঠিক আগে)...... ২ মাস, then ধীরে ধীরে teparing করে বন্ধ করে দিতে হবে।
👉ঘুম Maintain করার জন্য
💊Tab.Sono ([post id="312" title="Eszopiclone"])(1mg)
0+0+1.....(bed time)......১ মাস
Or
💊Tab.Somna([post id="313" title="Zaleplone"])(5mg)
0+0+1..(bed time).....১মাস
❣️❣️জীবনে সফল হতে চাইলে দু’টি জিনিস প্রয়োজন: জেদ আর আত্মবিশ্বাস। – মার্ক টোয়েন❣️❣️
Causes of Dry cough:
Investigations:
1)CXR PA view
2)Sputum for gram stanning
Rx:
1. Syp Bukof/Askorel ([post id="833" title="Butamirate-Citrate"])
2 tsf* TDS…..10 days
OR
Tab. Bukof (50mg) 1+1+1 ------ 10 days
2. Tab.Deslor( [post id="834" title="Desloratadine"]) (5mg) 0+0+1 ….7 days
3. Tab.Monas ([post id="720" title="Montelukast (monas)"]) (10mg) 0+0+1...15 days
Advice:
- Keep hydrated by drinking plenty of water.
- Elevate your head with extra pillows when sleeping.
- Use cough drops to soothe your throat.
- Gargle with warm salt water regularly to remove mucus and soothe your throat.
- Avoid irritants, including smoke and dust.
Investigation:
- X-ray chest P/A View
- CBC
- serum IgE
Rx:
1.Productive Cough (Thick bronchial secretion, thick sputum production)”
2.এখানে আমাদের প্রধান উদ্দেশ্য “Reducing viscosity of the secretion and facilitating its removal by coughing” এক্ষেত্রে ভালো কাজ করবে Expectorants. কাশি কিন্তু খুব একটা কমবে না।
3.কারন কাশি কমানোটা এখানে আমাদের উদ্দেশ্য না। রোগীকে খুব ভালো করে Counselling করতে হবে।
4. এখানে যদি Cough Suppressants দেয়া হয় তবে অবস্থার আরও অবনতি হতে পারে।
5. Syp. Ambrox
or, Syp Mucolyt
or, Syp. Adovas/Basok
২ চামচ *৩ বার( খাবার পর ৩০ মিনিট পানি খাবে না)....১০দিন
Treatment of Underlying Cause
Vertigo:
Rx:
1.Tab. Revert 1+০+1.....2 montn
2.Tab. Menaril (16mg) 1+1+1.….2 month
3. Tab.Rivo(0.5mg)..0+0+1.....1 month
Therapy:
- Head position maneuvers. A technique called canalith repositioning (or Epley maneuver) usually helps resolve benign paroxysmal positional vertigo
- Balance therapy.
- Psychotherapy.
Cold Compression:
- Acute Conditions with Pain আমরা cold Compressions দিবো।
Hot compressions:
- Chronic pain like osteoarthritis এরকম conditions আমরা hot compressions দিবো
Constipation:
Rx:
Acute Constipation:
1. Syp .Avolac (Lactolose)
- ৩-৪ চামচ *৩বার.... পায়খানা কষা হলে খাবে।
OR
Gysup Suppository(2.30gml
- 4 stick P/R Stat& SoS
2. Cap Lubilax (24 mcg)(lubiprostone)
- 1+0+1...7 days Then
- Cap.lubilax(8mg).
- 1+0+1 ......2 months
3. Cap.Pantonix(20mg) (Pantoprazole)
- 1+0+1.......15 days (খাবার ৩০মি আগে)
SN:অনেক সময় এগুলোতে কাজ না হলে enema দেওয়া হয়.
Chronic Constipation:
[post id="820" title="Lexadil-EP"]
- ১ চামচ দুপুর ও রাতে খাবার পর পানির সাথে মিশিয়ে সাথে সাথে খেয়ে ফেলবে.... ২ মাস
উপদেশ : যা খাবেন
- নরম ভাত
- হালকা ঝোলের তরকারি
- কাঁচা-পাকা পেঁপে
- কাঁচা-পাকা বেল খাবেন
- গরম গরম টাটকা খাবার খেতে হবে।
- বাসি ও পচা খাবার খাওয়া যাবে না।
- আশযুক্ত খাবার খাবেন।
- শাক সবজি বেশি খাবেন।
- ইসুবগুলের ভূসি খেতে পারেন।
- মানসিক চাপ মুক্ত থাকুন।
- নিয়মিত ব্যয়াম করুন।
- নিজেকে বিভিন্ন কাজে ব্যস্ত রাখুন।
Tension Type Headache:
Rx:
1. Tab. Tryptin (10mg/25mg)(Amitriptyline)
- ০+০+1.....1 month
2. Tab. Anfree(Flupentixol + Melitracen)
- 1+0+0........3 month
Advice:
- Manage your stress level. One way to help reduce stress is by planning ahead and organizing your day.
- Go hot or cold. Applying heat or ice — whichever you prefer — to sore muscles may ease a tension headache.
- Perfect your posture. Good posture can help keep your muscles from tensing.
Flatulence:
Causes:
- Chewing gum
- Smoking
- Sucking on objects such as pen tops
- Drinking carbonated drinks
- Eating too quickly
Rx:
- Drink adequate water
- Regular mild exercise
- Avoid excessive meats
Lexadil-EP/Fiberlex
- ১ চামচ ১/২ পানিতে মিশিয়ে সাথে সাথে খেয়ে ফেলুন দিনে ২ বার (খাবার পর)
Prevention Advice:
- Look at your diet➡ If it contains a large amount of carbohydrates that are difficult to digest, try to replace them. Carbohydrates that are easier to digest, such as potatoes, rice, and bananas, are good substitutes.
- Keep a food diary➡This will help you to identify any triggers. After you identify some foods that cause you excessive flatulence, you can learn to avoid them or to eat less of them.
- Eat less more➡Try to eat around five to six small meals a day instead of three larger ones to help your digestive process.
- Chew properly➡ Avoid doing anything that may increase the amount of air that you swallow. This includes making sure that you’re chewing your food properly, and avoiding chewing gum or smoking.
- Exercise➡Some people find that exercising helps to promote digestion and can prevent flatulence.
- Try over-the-counter medications➡These include charcoal tablets that absorb gas through the digestive system, antacids, and dietary supplements such as alpha-galactosidase (Beano). It’s important to note that these medications will only temporarily provide relief.
গলায় কাঁটা বিদলে করনীয়
ছোট কাটা হলে
- শক্ত ভাতের নলা: ভাত কে হাতের মুঠে চেপে চেপে টেনিস বলের মতো বানিয়ে তা না চিবিয়ে, ধীরে ধীরে গিলে ফেলার চেষ্টা করতে হিয়। এতে আঠালো ভাত আটকে থাকা মাছের কাটাকে নিয়ে নীচে নেমে যায়। এ পদ্ধতি দু'তিনবার করলে ভালো ফল পাওয়া যায়।
- পাঁকা কলা : পাঁকা কলা এক ইঞ্চি বা দেড় ইঞ্চি করে মুখে পুরে না চিবিয়ে গেলার চেষ্টা করা করা। এতে মাছের কাটা কলার অংশের সাথে আটকে যায়, এবং কলার সাথে সাথে নীচে নেমে পড়ে।
- ভিনেগার পান: ভিনেগার এসিডিক। তাই এক চামচ ভিনেগার এক কাপ পানির সাথে মিশিয়ে কুলি করলে বা পান করতে থাকলে তা কাটাকে দূর্বল করে ফেলে। অথবা সরাসরি এক চামচ ভিনেগার গিলে ফেললে তা অনেক সময় কাটাকে গলিয়ে দূর্বল করে ফেলে।
- পানি পান: ক্রমাগত কিছুটা শক্তি প্রয়োগে পানি গিললে তা অনেক সময় কাটাকে ফ্ল্যাশ করে নিচে নেমে নিয়ে যায়।
- কফ রিফ্লেক্স: জোরে জোরে ক্রমাগত দু চারটা কাশি দিলে অনেক সময় গলার পিছনের দেয়ালে আটকে থাকা মাছের কাটা, কাশির ঝাপ্টায় ছুটে গিয়ে সামনে চলে আসে এবং বেরিয়ে যায়।
বড় কাটা হলে
- একজন ENT specialist এর কাছে referred করুন।
Advice:
- খাবার সময় কথা কম বলুন।
Anorexia (ক্ষুধা মন্দা)
Cause:
- physical, sexual, emotional or another types of abuse
- family or other relationship problems being bullied
- a fear or exams and pressure to succeed
- a stressful life event, such as bereavement or becoming unemployed
- Various diseases condition
Rx:
Supportive :
- Mental counselling
- Diet plan
- Regular exercise
Drugs treatment :
Tab.Motigut(10mg)(domperidone)
- 1+1+1(খাবার ২০মি আগে)......10 days
Tab.Firmvit (multivitamin)
- 1+0+1......2 months
if anorexia due depression
Tab.Esita(10mg)(Esitalopram)
- 1+0+0........2-3 months
If anorexia due to any chronic disease/malignancy
Syp.Apetiz (megestrol)
2 tsf 3 times daily .........1 months
যদি ৩-৪ মাসের ভিতর কৃমি নাশক ঔষধ না খেয়ে থাকে তাহলে
Tab.Alben-DS(Albendazol)
- 1 tab stat & 1 tablet stat after 7 days
Specific Treatment :
- Treat underlying pathology
Advice:
- Soothing bodywork such as massage or a yoga practice
- Meditation
- Get enough sleep
- Focus on breathing
- Elimination of stimulants like caffeine
Belching :
- Belching is the act of expelling air from the stomach through the mouth. It usually occurs when the stomach distends, or expands, because of too much swallowed air.
Common cause :
- eating or drinking too quickly
- drinking carbonated beverages
- anxiety
Rx:
1.Tab.Motigut(10mg)(Domperidone)
- 1+1+1(খাবার ২০ মি পূর্বে)........ 10-15 days
2. Tab.Beklo(10mg) (Beklofen)
- 1+0+1.............10 days
3. [post id="820" title="Lexadil-EP"]
- ১ চামচ ১/২ গ্লাস পানিতে মিশিয়ে দিনে ২ বার খাবার পর পর........... চলবে
4. Tab.Acifix(20mg) (Rabeprazole)
- 1+0+1.........1 months
5. Treatment of underlying causes.
How to Reduce belching :
- Eat and drink slowly➡️ Taking your time can help you swallow less air. Try to make meals relaxed occasions; eating when you're stressed or on the run increases the air you swallow.
- Avoid carbonated drinks and beer➡️ They release carbon dioxide gas.
- Skip the gum and hard candy➡️When you chew gum or suck on hard candy, you swallow more often than normal. Part of what you're swallowing is air.
- Don't smoke➡️ When you inhale smoke, you also inhale and swallow air.
- Check your dentures➡️Poorly fitting dentures can cause you to swallow excess air when you eat and drink.
- Get moving➡️ It may help to take a short walk after eating.
- Treat heartburn➡️ For occasional, mild heartburn, over-the-counter antacids or other remedies may be helpful. GERD may require prescription-strength medication or other treatments.
Prevention:
- Sit down and eat each meal slowly.
- Avoid chewing gum or sucking on hard candies.
- Avoid carbonated beverages and alcohol.
- Stop consuming any foods or drinks that make belching more frequent.
- Take probiotic supplements to aid in digestion.
- Avoid anxiety-inducing situations that may cause hyperventilation.
Causes of Numbness :
- Carpal tunnel syndrome (pressure on a nerve at the wrist)
- Diabetes.
- Migraines.
- Multiple sclerosis.
- Seizures.
- Stroke.
- Transient ischemic attack (TIA), sometimes called a "mini-stroke"
- Underactive thyroid.
Rx:
1.Tab. Duloxen(30mg)(Duloxetine)
- 1+0+0...........7 days
তারপর/Then
- Tab.Duloxen(60mg)(Duloxetine)
- 1+0+0...........2-3 months
2. Cap.Pregaba(25mg) (Pregabalin)
- 1+0+1..........2-3 months
3. Tab.Neuro-B (Vit B1,2,6)
- 1+0+1.......... 2-3 months
4. Tab.Acifix(20mg) (Rabeprazole)
- 1+0+1.....15 days
5. Treatment of Underlying Cause.
Home remedies:
- Home remedies that may help to relieve uncomfortable numbness in the legs and feet include:
Rest
- Many of the conditions that cause leg and foot numbness, such as nerve pressure, improve with rest.
Ice
- Ice can help reduce swelling that can put pressure on nerves. Apply cold compresses or wrapped icepacks to numb legs and feet for 15 minutes at a time several times daily.
Heat
- Heat can sometimes help loosen stiff, sore, or tense muscles that can put pressure on nerves and cause numbness. However, avoid overheating numb legs and feet, as this may or worsen inflammation and cause pain and numbness.
Massage
- Massaging numb legs and feet helps improve blood flow and may reduce symptoms.
Exercise
- A lack of proper exercise can weaken the heart and blood vessels, reducing their ability to pump blood to the lower limbs. Activities such as yoga, Pilates, and tai chi can promote blood flow and reduce chronic inflammation or pain.
Supportive devices
- Braces and specially designed footwear can help reduce nerve pressure caused by conditions such as injury, tarsal tunnel syndrome, or flat feet.
Epsom salt baths
- Epsom salts contain magnesium, a compound known to increase blood flow and circulation. Epsom salts are available for purchase online.
Mental techniques and stress reduction
- People with conditions that cause chronic numbness, such as MS and fibromyalgia, should try to focus on the fact that the periods of numbness are often short-lived and go away on their own. Stress also tends to make the symptoms of central nervous system disorders worse.
Sleep
- Many of the chronic conditions associated with leg and feet numbness are known to worsen with a lack of proper sleep.
- healthful, balanced diet. Malnutrition, especially vitamin B deficiencies, can cause nerve damage leading to numbness. Getting enough vitamins and other nutrients can also reduce chronic inflammation and pain, which can cause numbness.
Alcohol reduction or avoidance
- Alcohol contains toxins that can cause nerve damage and numbness. Alcohol also usually makes the symptoms of chronic pain and inflammatory conditions worse and can even cause flare-ups of symptoms.
Meaning of Palpitation :
- Palpitations make you feel like your heart is beating too hard or too fast, skipping a beat, or fluttering. You may notice heart palpitations in your chest, throat, or neck.
S/S of palpitation :
- Shortness of breath
- Dizziness
- Chest pain
- Fainting
Heart Feels
- Skipping beats
- Fluttering rapidly
- Beating too fast
- Pounding
- Flip-flopping
Investigation:
- T3,T4,TSH
- ECG
- Chest X-ray P/A view
- CBC
Rx:
- Rest
- Counselling
Tab.Indever(40mg)
- 1/2 +0+ 1/2....... 2-3 month
If insomnia :
Tab.Lexotanil(3mg)
- 0+0+1......1 month
Treatment of underlying causes.
Lifestyle and home remedies:
- Reduce stress. Try relaxation techniques, such as meditation, yoga or deep breathing.
- Avoid stimulants. Caffeine, nicotine, some cold medicines and energy drinks can make your heart beat quickly or irregularly.
- Avoid illegal drugs.
Clinical Features:
- Nausea
- Dizziness
- Vomiting
Rx:
Tab. Joytrip (150mg)(Hyoscine hydrobromide)
- 3-7 years : 1/2 tablet by chewing 30min before Traveling
- 8-12 years : 1 tablet by chewing 30min before Traveling
- >12 years or Adult : 2 tablet by chewing 30min before Traveling
Note: Not safe for pregnant women.
Advice:
- Sit in the front of a car or bus.
- Choose a window seat on flights and trains.
- If possible, try lying down, shutting your eyes, sleeping, or looking at the horizon.
- Stay hydrated by drinking water. Limit alcoholic and caffeinated beverages.
- Eat small amounts of food frequently.
- Avoid smoking. Even stopping for a short period of time helps.
- Try and distract yourself with activities, such as listening to music.
- Use flavored lozenges, such as ginger candy.
Cold Compression:
- Acute Conditions with Pain আমরা cold Compressions দিবো।
Hot compressions:
- Chronic pain like osteoarthritis এরকম conditions আমরা hot compressions দিবো
Constipation:
Rx:
Acute Constipation:
1. Syp .Avolac (Lactolose)
- ৩-৪ চামচ X ৩বার.... পায়খানা কষা হলে খাবে।
OR
Gysup Suppository(2.30gm)
- 4 stick P/R Stat& SoS
2. Cap Lubilax (Lubiprostone)(24 mcg)
- 1+0+1.......7 days
Then
cap.lubilax(8mg)
- 1+0+1 ......2 months
3. Cap.Pantonix(20mg)
- 1+0+1....14 days (খাবার ৩০মি আগে)
SN:অনেক সময় এগুলোতে কাজ না হলে enema দেওয়া হয়.
Chronic Constipation:
[post id="820" title="Lexadil-EP"]
- ১ চামচ দুপুর ও রাতে খাবার পর পানির সাথে মিশিয়ে সাথে সাথে খেয়ে ফেলবে.... ২ মাস
উপদেশ : যা খাবেন
- নরম ভাত
- হালকা ঝোলের তরকারি
- কাঁচা-পাকা পেঁপে
- কাঁচা-পাকা বেল খাবেন
- গরম গরম টাটকা খাবার খেতে হবে।
- বাসি ও পচা খাবার খাওয়া যাবে না।
- আশযুক্ত খাবার খাবেন।
- শাক সবজি বেশি খাবেন।
- ইসুবগুলের ভূসি খেতে পারেন।
- মানসিক চাপ মুক্ত থাকুন।
- নিয়মিত ব্যয়াম করুন।
- নিজেকে বিভিন্ন কাজে ব্যস্ত রাখুন।
Flatulence:
Causes:
- chewing gum
- smoking
- sucking on objects such as pen tops
- drinking carbonated drinks
- eating too quickly
Rx:
- Drink adequate water
- Regular mild exercise
- Avoid excessive meats
[post id="820" title="Lexadil-EP"]/Fiberlex
- ১ চামচ ১/২ পানিতে মিশিয়ে সাথে সাথে খেয়ে ফেলুন দিনে ২ বার (খাবার পর)
Prevention Advice:
- Look at your diet➡ If it contains a large amount of carbohydrates that are difficult to digest, try to replace them. Carbohydrates that are easier to digest, such as potatoes, rice, and bananas, are good substitutes.
- Keep a food diary➡This will help you to identify any triggers. After you identify some foods that cause you excessive flatulence, you can learn to avoid them or to eat less of them.
- Eat less more➡Try to eat around five to six small meals a day instead of three larger ones to help your digestive process.
- Chew properly➡ Avoid doing anything that may increase the amount of air that you swallow. This includes making sure that you’re chewing your food properly, and avoiding chewing gum or smoking.
- Exercise➡Some people find that exercising helps to promote digestion and can prevent flatulence.
- Try over-the-counter medications➡These include charcoal tablets that absorb gas through the digestive system, antacids, and dietary supplements such as alpha-galactosidase (Beano). It’s important to note that these medications will only temporarily provide relief.
গলায় কাঁটা বিদলে করনীয় :
ছোট কাটা হলে
- শক্ত ভাতের নলা: ভাত কে হাতের মুঠে চেপে চেপে টেনিস বলের মতো বানিয়ে তা না চিবিয়ে, ধীরে ধীরে গিলে ফেলার চেষ্টা করতে হিয়। এতে আঠালো ভাত আটকে থাকা মাছের কাটাকে নিয়ে নীচে নেমে যায়। এ পদ্ধতি দু'তিনবার করলে ভালো ফল পাওয়া যায়।
- পাঁকা কলা : পাঁকা কলা এক ইঞ্চি বা দেড় ইঞ্চি করে মুখে পুরে না চিবিয়ে গেলার চেষ্টা করা করা। এতে মাছের কাটা কলার অংশের সাথে আটকে যায়, এবং কলার সাথে সাথে নীচে নেমে পড়ে।
- ভিনেগার পান: ভিনেগার এসিডিক। তাই এক চামচ ভিনেগার এক কাপ পানির সাথে মিশিয়ে কুলি করলে বা পান করতে থাকলে তা কাটাকে দূর্বল করে ফেলে। অথবা সরাসরি এক চামচ ভিনেগার গিলে ফেললে তা অনেক সময় কাটাকে গলিয়ে দূর্বল করে ফেলে।
- পানি পান: ক্রমাগত কিছুটা শক্তি প্রয়োগে পানি গিললে তা অনেক সময় কাটাকে ফ্ল্যাশ করে নিচে নেমে নিয়ে যায়।
- কফ রিফ্লেক্স: জোরে জোরে ক্রমাগত দু চারটা কাশি দিলে অনেক সময় গলার পিছনের দেয়ালে আটকে থাকা মাছের কাটা, কাশির ঝাপ্টায় ছুটে গিয়ে সামনে চলে আসে এবং বেরিয়ে যায়।
বড় কাটা হলে
- একজন ENT specialist এর কাছে referred করুন।
Advice:
- খাবার সময় কথা কম বলুন।
Defination:
Belching is the act of expelling air from the stomach through the mouth. It usually occurs when the stomach distends, or expands, because of too much swallowed air.
Common cause :
- eating or drinking too quickly
- drinking carbonated beverages
- anxiety
Rx:
1. Tab.Motigut(Domperidone)(10mg)
- 1+1+1(খাবার ২০ মি পূর্বে)........ 7-10 days
2. Tab.Beklo (Beklofen)(10mg)
- 1+0+1.............10 days
3. [post id="820" title="Lexadil-EP"]
- ১ চামচ ১/২ গ্লাস পানিতে মিশিয়ে দিনে ২ বার খাবার পর পর........... চলবে
4. Tab.Acifix (Rabeprazole)(20mg)
- 1+0+1.........১ মাস
Treatment of underlying causes.
How to Reduce belching :
- Eat and drink slowly➡️ Taking your time can help you swallow less air. Try to make meals relaxed occasions; eating when you're stressed or on the run increases the air you swallow.
- Avoid carbonated drinks and beer➡️ They release carbon dioxide gas.
- Skip the gum and hard candy➡️When you chew gum or suck on hard candy, you swallow more often than normal. Part of what you're swallowing is air.
- Don't smoke➡️ When you inhale smoke, you also inhale and swallow air.
- Check your dentures➡️Poorly fitting dentures can cause you to swallow excess air when you eat and drink.
- Get moving➡️ It may help to take a short walk after eating.
- Treat heartburn➡️ For occasional, mild heartburn, over-the-counter antacids or other remedies may be helpful. GERD may require prescription-strength medication or other treatments.
Prevention:
- Sit down and eat each meal slowly.
- Avoid chewing gum or sucking on hard candies.
- Avoid carbonated beverages and alcohol.
- Stop consuming any foods or drinks that make belching more frequent.
- Take probiotic supplements to aid in digestion.
- Avoid anxiety-inducing situations that may cause hyperventilation.
Causes of Numbness :
- Carpal tunnel syndrome (pressure on a nerve at the wrist)
- Diabetes.
- Migraines.
- Multiple sclerosis.
- Seizures.
- Stroke.
- Transient ischemic attack (TIA), sometimes called a "mini-stroke"
- Underactive thyroid.
Rx:
1. Tab Duloxen(Duloxetine)((30mg)
- 1+0+0...........7 days
Then
Tab.Duloxen(60mg)
- 1+0+0...........2-3 months
2. Cap.Pregaba(Pregabalin)(25mg)
- 1+0+1..........2-3 months
3. Tab.Neuro-B(vitamin Bcomplex)
- 1+0+1.......... 2-3 months
4. Tab.Acifix (Rabeprazole)(20mg)
- 1+0+1.....15 days
Treatment of Underlying Cause.
Home remedies:
Home remedies that may help to relieve uncomfortable numbness in the legs and feet include:
- Rest: Many of the conditions that cause leg and foot numbness, such as nerve pressure, improve with rest.
- Ice : Ice can help reduce swelling that can put pressure on nerves. Apply cold compresses or wrapped icepacks to numb legs and feet for 15 minutes at a time several times daily.
- Heat: Heat can sometimes help loosen stiff, sore, or tense muscles that can put pressure on nerves and cause numbness. However, avoid overheating numb legs and feet, as this may or worsen inflammation and cause pain and numbness.
- Massage: Massaging numb legs and feet helps improve blood flow and may reduce symptoms.
- Exercise: A lack of proper exercise can weaken the heart and blood vessels, reducing their ability to pump blood to the lower limbs. Activities such as yoga, Pilates, and tai chi can promote blood flow and reduce chronic inflammation or pain.
- Supportive devices : Braces and specially designed footwear can help reduce nerve pressure caused by conditions such as injury, tarsal tunnel syndrome, or flat feet.
- Epsom salt baths: Epsom salts contain magnesium, a compound known to increase blood flow and circulation. Epsom salts are available for purchase online.
- Mental techniques and stress reduction: People with conditions that cause chronic numbness, such as MS and fibromyalgia, should try to focus on the fact that the periods of numbness are often short-lived and go away on their own. Stress also tends to make the symptoms of central nervous system disorders worse.
- Sleep: Many of the chronic conditions associated with leg and feet numbness are known to worsen with a lack of proper sleep. A healthful, balanced diet. Malnutrition, especially vitamin B deficiencies, can cause nerve damage leading to numbness. Getting enough vitamins and other nutrients can also reduce chronic inflammation and pain, which can cause numbness.
- Alcohol reduction or avoidance : Alcohol contains toxins that can cause nerve damage and numbness. Alcohol also usually makes the symptoms of chronic pain and inflammatory conditions worse and can even cause flare-ups of symptoms.
Meaning of Palpitation :
- Palpitations make you feel like your heart is beating too hard or too fast, skipping a beat, or fluttering. You may notice heart palpitations in your chest, throat, or neck.
S/S of palpitation :
- Shortness of breath
- Dizziness
- Chest pain
- Fainting
Heart Feels
- Skipping beats
- Fluttering rapidly
- Beating too fast
- Pounding
- Flip-flopping
Rx:
- Rest
- Counselling
Tab.Indever(Propanolol)(40mg)
- 1/2 +0+ 1/2....... 2-3 month
If insomnia :
Tab.Lexotanil(Bromazepam)(3mg)
- 0+0+1......1 month
Treatment of underlying causes.
Investigation:
- T3,T4,TSH
- ECG
- Chest X-ray P/A view
- CBC
Lifestyle and home remedies:
- Reduce stress. Try relaxation techniques, such as meditation, yoga or deep breathing.
- Avoid stimulants. Caffeine, nicotine, some cold medicines and energy drinks can make your heart beat quickly or irregularly.
- Avoid illegal drugs.
Clinical Features:
- 1)Sweating
- 2)Dehydration
- 3)Tachycardia
- 4)Irritability, fatigue
- 5)Headache, weakness
- 6)being very thirsty.
Investigations:
- 1) CBC-increase haemtocrit
- 2)serum electrolyte - increase sodium
- 3)serum urea -increase
Rx:
- Removal of patient from heat
- Tepid(luke warm water) spray & fanning
- Pack you with ice and cooling blankets.
- Immerse you in cold water. A bath of cold or ice water has been proved to be the most effective way of quickly lowering your core body temperature.
- ORS
- if need I/V fluid
Preventing heat exhaustion and heatstroke
- 1)drink plenty of cold drinks, especially when exercising.
- 2)take cool baths or showers.
- 3)wear light-coloured, loose clothing.
- 4)sprinkle water over skin or clothes.
- 5)avoid the sun between 11am and 3pm.
- 6)avoid excess alcohol.
- 7)avoid extreme exercise.
❣️❣️প্রতিদিন আমাদের এমনভাবে কাটানো উচিত, যেন আজ জীবনের শেষ দিন। – সেনেকা❣️❣️
Heat Stroke:
- it is life-threatening conditions. When core body tem more then 104°F(40°C)
Clinical Features:
- 1) headache, nausea & vomiting
- 2) coarse muscle tremor
- 3)loss of consciousness
- 4)pt skins feel very hot
- 5) sweating
- 6)Seizures
- 7)Confusion, altered mental status, slurred speech.
investigations:
- 1) CBC
- 2) coagulation profile- BT,CT,PT
- 3)Serum creatinine kinase
- 4)CPK
- 5)ALT & AST(LFT)
- 6)X-ray chest
- 7) RFT
Rx:
- Rapid cooling by cold water spraying & fanning
- Ice pack in axilla & groin
- Cold crystalloid I/V fluid
I/V fluid containing K+ must be Avoid
- If core tem more then 104° F এর উপরে হলে অবশ্যই patients কে ICU তে manage করতে হবে।
Complications of heat stroke:
- 1)hypovolaemic shock
- 2)Lactic acidosis
- 3) Rhabdomyolysis
- 4)Hepatic & Renal failure
- 5) Pulmonary Oedema
- 6) Cerebral Oedema
❣️❣️জীবন ক্ষণস্থায়ী, কাজেই উপার্জনের পাশাপাশি তা ভোগ করে যাওয়া উচিত। – স্যামুয়েল জনসন❣️❣️
Post operative spinal headache :
Rx:
- 1) Rest: (বালিস ছাড়া ঘুমাবে)
- ২) plenty of water intake করবে।
- 3)tea & coffee intake
4. Tab.Napa Extra(Paracetamol+Caffine)
- 1+1+1.......5 days
5. Tab.Stemetil(prochlorperazine)(5mg)
- 1+0+1.........৫ দিন
6. Tab.Perkinil(procyclidine)(5mg)
- 1/2+0+1/2.....৫ দিন
7. Tab.Rivo(clonazepam) (0.5mg)
- 0+0+1.…........5 দিন
Preoperative mx ভালো করে করলে এই spinal headache অনেকটা কমানো যাবে
OR
এটি ভালো কাজ করে
Tab.Contine(theophylline)(200mg)
- 1+1+1.....(till headache)
Tab.Napa Extra(paracetamol)
- 1+1+1......(till headache)